Mu bihe bishize ihirika ry’abakuru b’ibihugu ku butegetsi ryari ryongeye gucicikana mu bihugu bitandukanye muri Afurika by’umwihariko mu Burengerazuba bwayo ariko muri ibyo bihe hanagaragaye ubushake buke no guseta ibirenge kw’amahanga mu gucubya izo coup d’état kandi hariho amahame mpuzamahanga agamije kuzirwanya ku bufatanye bw’ibihugu.

Imibare igaragaza ko hagati y’umwaka wa 1960 na 2000, Afurika yabayemo coup d’état 82 ndetse iri hirika ry’ubutegetsi rifatwa nk’isoko ivubukamo ibisharira uyu mugabane birimo ruswa n’ihungabana ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu bikarushaho kwiyongera, umuco wo kudahana ukimakazwa n’ubukene bugashinga imizi kandi hari umutungo kamere wahaza abatuye umugabane ukanasagurira indi.

Coup d’état zifatwa nk’indwara yandura kuko iyo hari igihugu bayikoze igakunda bishobora kugikururamo izindi cyangwa bikanaba intandaro yazo mu bindi bihugu by’ibituranyi.

Mu myaka ishize uhereye mu 2013, hafi 20% y’ibihugu bya Afurika hamaze kuberamo ibikorwa by’ihirika ry’ubutegetsi cyangwa kubigerageza aho nko mu gihe cya vuba muri Mali byabaye inshuro ebyiri, muri Tchad, Guinnée, Sudani na Tunisie byarabaye.

Byanabaye kandi muri Algeria no mu Burundi mu gihe ahenshi muri ibi bihugu habaga havugwa inyota yo kwimakaza demokarasi.

Abasesenguzi mu bya politiki bavuga ko mu gihe umurindi w’ibikorwa bya coup d’état muri Afurika utagabanuka, uyu mugabane wakongera kwisanga mu icuraburindi rya kera aho umubare munini w’ibihugu biwugize byabaga biyobowe mu buryo bwa gisirikare bitewe n’uko ari bo babaga barigaruriye ubutegetsi nyuma yo guhirika abandi.

Amahanga ntiyubahiriza ibikubiye mu mahame akumira coup d’etat

Prof. Joseph Siegle, umuyobozi wa porogaramu y’ubushakashatsi muri Afurika akanaba umusesenguzi ku makuru ajyanye n’umutekano kuri uyu mugabane, agaragaza ko ahantu hakozwe ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi haba hari amabanga menshi arenze icyo gikorwa ku buryo hari ababa basa n’abarekereje biteguye kubivanamo inyungu nyinshi zirenze ibyo kujya ku butegetsi.

Siegle avuga ko atabona ibi bikorwa bihagarara mu gihe cya vuba bitewe n’abo baba bifuza kuba ba rusahurira mu nduru mu gihe abenegihugu bo baba bahugiye mu makimbirane.

Uyu mugabo avuga ko mbere y’uko umuntu runaka muri Afurika ajya gukora coup d’état, bibanza guhabwa umugisha n’ikiganza cy’amahanga nyuma yo kwemeranya kuri gahuda ya “Tura tugabane niwanga bimeneke.”

Aha agaragaza ko ubigerageje atabanje kuvunyisha aho n’iyo yafata ubutegetsi biba bidashoboka ko byatera kabiri akiburiho.

Ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi muri Afurika, inzira y’intsinzi ku bihugu runaka

Ibihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu, Arabie Saoudite na Misiri bafata ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi bwa Afurika nk’inzira yo gushimangira intego zabo mu karere. Ibi bihugu byavuzweho cyane gushyigikira abashakaga guhirika ubutegetsi muri Sudani.

Hanavuzwemo u Burusiya mu gushyigikira iri hirikwa ry’ubutegetsi muri Sudani aho intego nyamukuru yari ukubona inzira yajya inyuzwamo zahabu n’indi mitungo kamere yo muri Centrafrique aho u Burusiya bufite ukuboko mu bikorwa byo kugarura umutekano umaze imyaka ujegajega muri icyo gihugu.

Ni iki cyahosha uyu muvuduko wa coup d’état ?

Prof. Joseph Siegle avuga ko igikomeye imiryango mpuzamahanga iharanira demokarasi ishobora gukora ngo ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi ricogore muri Afurika, ari ugushyigikira by’ukuri demokarasi kuri uyu mugabane.

Avuga ko ibihugu bya Afurika bifite inyota yo kugera kuri demokarasi bikwiye gushyigikirwa n’amahanga mu buryo bwa dipolomasi, mu iterambere no mu ishoramari.

Ubu bufatanye n’imbaraga mu bubanyi n’amahanga ni byo byaba umusingi wo gukomera k’Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe nk’uko Prof.Joseph abigarukaho ndetse akavuga ko gufatira ibihano bikomeye abakoze coup d’état nko kubakomanyiriza ku isoko mpuzamahanga, kubafungira ibijyanye n’imari n’amikoro mu bigega by’imari n’ubukungu ari kimwe mu byacubya ibi bikorwa bimaze imyaka myinshi byarayogoje Afurika.